How To Plan A Site Investigation Program?
Site Exploration Program
Information about the site plays a vital role in the safe and economic development of a site. A thorough investigation of this site is essential to build any civil engineering work. Public building officials may require geotechnical consultant recommendations as well as soil data prior to the issuance of a building permit. Site elimination, which usually amounts to about 0.5 to 1 to 1 percent of the total construction cost, only after finding that construction has begun that the foundation must be redesigned is certainly a false economy. Is. This is generally acknowledged, and it is doubtful if any major structures are currently designed without exploration.
OBJECTIVES OF SITE INVESTIGATION
# The main objectives of soil detection are described below
# To access the site's general fit.
# Achieve a safe and economical design of foundations and temporary work.
# To know the nature of each surface and engineering features of the soil and rock, which can affect the design and design of the proposed structure and foundation construction.
# Evaluate and provide problems during construction due to land and other local conditions.
# Knowing the selection of sources and locations of building materials for wastewater or excess material.
# To investigate the incidence or causes of natural and man-made changes in conditions and the consequences arising from such changes.
# Ensuring the safety of existing structures.
# Designing for unsafe structures or taking remedial measures for unsafe structures.
# To find the ground level and potential corrosion effect of soil and water at the basic level.
# To access the site's general fit.
# Achieve a safe and economical design of foundations and temporary work.
# To know the nature of each surface and engineering features of the soil and rock, which can affect the design and design of the proposed structure and foundation construction.
# Evaluate and provide problems during construction due to land and other local conditions.
# Knowing the selection of sources and locations of building materials for wastewater or excess material.
# To investigate the incidence or causes of natural and man-made changes in conditions and the consequences arising from such changes.
# Ensuring the safety of existing structures.
# Designing for unsafe structures or taking remedial measures for unsafe structures.
# To find the ground level and potential corrosion effect of soil and water at the basic level.
Planning For Site Exploration
Site exploration program planning includes boring, test pitting or other methods used, and sampling methods and depth of testing methods and location. The purpose of the exploration program is to determine, within practical limits, the stability and engineering properties of the soil under this site. The main features of interest will be strength, deformation and hydraulic properties. The program should be planned so that as much information as possible can be obtained at the lowest cost. In the initial stages of the investigation, the information available is often insufficient to construct a solid and detailed plan.
The investigation is therefore carried out in the following steps.
1. Fact-finding and
geological survey
2. Reconnaissance
3. Preliminary
exploration
4. Detailed
exploration
1. FACT FINDING AND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Submit all information on dimensions, column spacing, structure type, and use, basement requirements, and any specific architectural protection of the proposed building. Foundation rules should be consulted for any specific requirements in the local building code. For bridges, the soil engineer should have access to the type and length of the pier as well as the pier load. This information will identify the limits of any settlement and may be used to estimate foundation burdens.
2. RECONNAISSANCE
It can be in the form of a field trip to the site, revealing information about the nature and behavior of adjacent sites and structures, such as cracks, prominent seagulls, and possibly the doors and windows. The type of local existing structure can, to a great extent, affect the best foundation type for the research program and the proposed adjacent structure. Since close existing structures must be maintained, excavations or vibrations have to be carefully controlled. Erosion can also be seen in the current cut (or pit). For highways, soil stability can be seen along with the runoff patterns as well as the depth of the cutoff. It can indicate the presence of a rocky output or the depth of the bedrock.
3. PRELIMINARY
EXPLORATION
At this stage, some borings are made or generally welcome, soil types can be expected, and a test pit is likely opened for groundwater table space. If the initial borings indicate that the upper soil is loose or extremely compressible, then one or more borings should be taken to the rock or section. This amount of soil detection is usually the site inspection limit for small structures. The feasibility exploration program should include sufficient site data and sample recovery to establish the foundation design and identify the construction methodology. It is common at this stage to limit the number of good quality samples and to use index properties such as liquid range, plasticity index, and penetration data with unconfirmed compression tests on samples that are exported during penetration testing. While relying heavily on the connection of power and settlement.
4. DETAILED EXPLORATION
While preliminary site investigation has established the feasibility of this project, a more detailed investigation program has been launched. Early borings and data are used as a basis for detecting additional borings, which should be verifiable in nature and determine the additional patterns required. If the soil compaction is relatively uniform, the boreas should be spaced in a systematic manner close to the main superstructure elements. On this occasion, additional loans will be needed to describe areas of poor soil, rocky crops, streams and other areas that may affect the design and construction of the foundation. Adequate additional designs are needed for a new definition of design and any construction method required by the contractor to install the foundation. It should avoid the unexpected condition of the soil discovered at the opening of the excavation, damage to foundation works, cost increases and damage to adjacent property owners.
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